Essential Maintenance for Your HVAC System Before Winter

As the colder months approach, preparing your commercial HVAC system for winter is crucial to ensure optimal performance and avoid costly breakdowns. A well-maintained system not only keeps your building comfortable but also prevents common issues, such as frost forming on the coils, which can compromise the efficiency of the entire system.

Here’s what you need to know about maintaining your HVAC system, particularly the coils, to prevent them from frosting over during winter.

Why Do Coils Frost Over?

The coils in an HVAC system—evaporator and condenser coils—are responsible for transferring heat. Evaporator coils absorb heat from the air, while condenser coils release it outside. When the temperatures drop, the moisture in the air can freeze on the surface of the coils, particularly if the system isn’t functioning properly.

Frost formation can lead to several issues, such as:

• Reduced efficiency: Frost limits the system’s ability to transfer heat, making it work harder and consume more energy.
• Potential damage: If frost builds up unchecked, it can cause mechanical damage and strain the entire system.
• Decreased airflow: Frost-covered coils block proper airflow, leading to poor indoor air quality and uneven heating.

Preventing Coil Frosting: Key Maintenance Steps

1. Clean the Coils Regularly

One of the main reasons coils frost over is dirt build-up. Dust, debris, and grime insulate the coils, preventing them from exchanging heat effectively. Cleaning the coils before winter begins is essential to remove any blockages. Commercial HVAC systems often require professional-grade coil cleaners, designed to safely eliminate build-up without damaging the delicate fins.

2. Check the Refrigerant Levels

Low refrigerant levels in the system can cause evaporator coils to freeze. When refrigerant is too low, the pressure inside the coils drops, leading to a lower temperature that allows moisture to freeze on contact. Schedule a professional inspection to ensure refrigerant levels are optimal. If there’s a leak, it needs to be repaired immediately to avoid frost accumulation.

3. Ensure Proper Airflow

Blocked or restricted airflow is a common cause of coil freezing. Make sure that air filters are clean and replaced regularly—ideally every 3-6 months, depending on the usage and environment. Also, check that there are no obstructions around the outdoor unit, such as leaves, debris, or snow, that could impede airflow.

4. Calibrate Thermostats and Control Systems

Improperly calibrated thermostats can lead to incorrect system cycling, which affects how efficiently the coils operate. For instance, if the system runs too long or not long enough, it can contribute to coil frosting. Ensure your HVAC control systems are correctly calibrated to handle the upcoming cold season, maintaining consistent temperature and humidity control.

5. Inspect and Service the Defrost Cycle

Many commercial HVAC systems come equipped with a defrost cycle that periodically melts frost off the coils. Before winter hits, ensure that this feature is functioning correctly. If the defrost cycle isn’t working, frost can accumulate and significantly reduce system performance. A professional technician can inspect and fine-tune the defrost mechanism to ensure it activates as needed.

6. Address Any Leaks in Ductwork

Leaks in the ductwork can cause an imbalance in airflow, leading to poor system performance and increased frost build-up on coils. Before winter, have your ducts inspected for any leaks or damage. Sealing the ducts will not only improve efficiency but also help in maintaining consistent airflow throughout the building, reducing the chances of frost formation.

7. Monitor Humidity Levels

High indoor humidity during colder months can contribute to frost formation on HVAC coils. Maintaining balanced humidity levels in your commercial space will reduce the likelihood of frost build-up. Consider installing a humidistat to monitor and adjust humidity levels automatically.

Professional Preventative Maintenance

Commercial HVAC systems are complex, and frost on coils is often a sign of underlying issues. Scheduling a comprehensive HVAC maintenance service before winter ensures that all components, including the coils, are in top condition. Technicians will clean and inspect the entire system, identify potential problems, and make the necessary repairs or adjustments to keep your system running smoothly all winter long. At Gibbons, our HVAC engineers have years of experience of maintaining HVAC systems. Call us today on 01621 868 138 or email info@gibbonsgroup.co.uk.

For more information on Essential Maintenance for Your HVAC System Before Winter talk to Gibbons Engineering Group Ltd